How long is a cow pregnant?
In cattle, gestation lasts on average 280–285 days (about 9 months). It can vary by a few days depending on breed and individual. Recording the insemination date is the only way to know the estimated calving date.
What are the signs of pregnancy?
- Heat stops: If the cow does not show heat again after insemination (around 21 days later), the chance of pregnancy rises. This is the earliest clue.
- Behaviour and appetite: Calmer demeanour, steady appetite.
- Abdomen and udder changes: Abdominal growth in later months, udder filling toward the end.
These signs are not enough for a definitive diagnosis; a firm diagnosis is made by a veterinary check.
How is pregnancy confirmed?
- Rectal palpation: By a veterinarian, usually ~6–8 weeks after insemination.
- Ultrasound: Gives earlier and more detailed results (twins, fetal viability).
- Blood/milk tests: Laboratory tests that look for pregnancy-specific proteins.
Critical steps in the pregnancy calendar
- Insemination date — record it; it sets the estimated calving date.
- Pregnancy check — veterinary exam around weeks 6–8.
- Drying off — stop milking about 60 days before calving.
- Pre-calving ration — adjust the feeding plan in the final period.
- Calving preparation — a clean, calm calving pen.
Never miss pregnancy and insemination
Alprivo Herd Management automatically reminds you of insemination, pregnancy checks and drying-off times, and calculates the estimated calving date.